Imagine strolling through your own garden, surrounded by the vibrant colors and lively antics of hummingbirds. These tiny, energetic creatures are a joy to behold, and with the right flowers, you can attract them to your outdoor space. Hummingbirds are known for their iridescent feathers, earning them the nickname ‘flying jewels.’ Their long beaks allow them to drink nectar from flowers, making them a delight to watch as they flit from bloom to bloom.
In the United States alone, there are 16 varieties of hummingbirds, with only one species, the ruby-throated hummingbird, calling eastern territories home. By planting flowers that attract these birds, you’re not only providing a tasty meal for them but also creating a welcoming habitat that will encourage them to return year after year. As they find shelter and water in your landscape, they’ll even go so far as to raise their young and increase the local population.
Flowers That Attract Hummingbirds
Azalea (Rhododendron)
Within the rhododendron family, azaleas exhibit a mix of evergreen and deciduous characteristics. This diversity translates to plants of varying heights, spanning from 12 inches to an impressive 12 feet tall, allowing for adaptability to different spaces.
In terms of environmental requirements, azaleas thrive in zones 6-9, with a specific soil pH range of 5-6.5.
While they are not overly demanding, hummingbirds have been known to frequent these plants, making them a great addition to any garden. However, it’s crucial to ensure good drainage as excessive moisture can prove detrimental to their health.
Bee Balm (Monarda)
Bee balm, also known as bergamot or monarda, boasts an intriguing appearance with its spiky blossoms. This versatile plant showcases a vibrant palette of colors, including pink, red, orange, and more, all accompanied by a sweet fragrance that’s hard to resist. As its name suggests, bee balm is a magnet for pollinators like bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, which are drawn to the rich nectar it produces.
Furthermore, this member of the mint family has a multitude of uses beyond its ornamental value. Its leaves can be used to create medicinal salves and lotions, while the edible flowers add a pop of color and flavor to salads. To thrive, bee balm requires full sun and good air circulation. On average, it grows between 12-36 inches tall, making it an attractive addition to any garden. As a hardy perennial, it does best in zones 4-9, where it can be enjoyed for years to come.
Beard Tongue (Penstemon)
Penstemon, commonly referred to as beard tongue, is an indigenous plant in the United States, thriving in most areas of the western region. Its natural charm lies in its ability to entice hummingbirds, butterflies, and bees with its rich nectar, a sweet allure that’s hard to resist. The plant bursts into bloom from May to August, displaying an array of colors including lavender, red, pink, and white.
Notably, Penstemon is quite adaptable, able to grow in poor soil conditions and withstand minor droughts. Its hardiness makes it suitable for zones 3-8, making it a popular choice among gardeners.
Bird of Paradise (Paradisaeidae)
The crane flower, native to South America, is renowned for its striking blooms that evoke the image of a bird taking flight. These flowering wonders can reach impressive heights of up to five feet, with a three-foot spread, making them an eye-catching addition to any garden. To thrive, bird of paradise plants require rich soil and consistent moisture. As they are sensitive to frost, it’s best to cultivate them in zones 10 through 12, where the climate is more favorable.
Butterfly Bush (Buddleia)
Butterfly bushes are a fantastic addition to any hummingbird garden, offering vibrant blooms throughout the entire summer season. The stunning flowers come in a variety of colors including pink, purple, and blue, and are arranged on tall, spiky stems that attract butterflies as well as hummingbirds. Not only do these plants provide a valuable source of nectar for these birds, but they also serve as a sheltered haven for small bird species looking to escape the elements.
As an added bonus, butterfly bushes are remarkably resilient and can thrive in hot, sunny conditions with minimal watering. In fact, this perennial is specifically suited to zones 5-10, making it an excellent choice for gardeners in these regions. Overall, the humble butterfly bush is a delightful and low-maintenance addition to any outdoor space.
Cardinal Flower (Lobelia cardinalis)
The cardinal flower, also known as lobelia, boasts vibrant red blooms that can reach heights of up to two feet on sturdy stalks. When placed at the back of a bed, it makes for a striking display. This plant thrives in areas receiving full sun or partial shade, provided the soil is consistently moist and well-drained. As a short-lived perennial, it’s essential to replant every three years to maintain its beauty.
Cardinal flowers are hardy in zones 2-9, making them a versatile choice for gardeners across a wide range of climates.
Catmint (Nepeta)
Catmint, with its stunning purple blooms that entice hummingbirds, boasts a unique charm. Its grey-green foliage provides an understated backdrop for the showy trumpet-shaped blossom clusters. With hundreds of species to choose from, each featuring distinct flower colors or plant sizes, catmint offers endless opportunities for customization. One of its greatest advantages is its remarkable hardiness and low-maintenance requirements.
In fact, it can even flourish in gardens with limited water supply. This lovely option prefers basking in full sun and thrives in zones 4-8.
Columbine (Aquilegia)
The Columbine, a western native, boasts exquisite, dainty flowers that bloom consistently throughout the year, attracting an abundance of hummingbirds. A testament to its adaptability, this flower can flourish in poor soil conditions, but it’s essential to provide it with partial shade during the summer months when intense sunlight can be detrimental. Its hardiness allows it to thrive in zones 3-9, making it a versatile and attractive addition to any garden.
Coral Berry (Symphoricarpos orbiculatus)
Coral berries, also known as Indian currant or buckbrush, are a deciduous shrub that produces an intriguing display of pale greenish-white flowers followed by vibrant red berries. These berries prove to be a prized treat for songbirds, making coral berry a valuable addition to any garden or wildlife-friendly landscape.
When incorporating coral berry into your outdoor space, keep in mind its dense foliage. When planted alongside other shrubs, it can naturally form a barrier or screen.
As a woodland plant, coral berry thrives in partial shade and prefers zones 3-7. On average, the shrub grows to be around 36-48 inches tall, making it an excellent choice for gardens with limited space.
Cup Plant (Silphium perfoliatum)
Cup plant, also known as Indian cup, is a member of the aster family characterized by its bright yellow daisy-like flowers. One of its most distinctive features are its wide leaves that form cups, which hold small amounts of water that attract hummingbirds and butterflies. As a tall plant that grows between 3-9 feet in height, it requires full sun to thrive, with average soils being the perfect medium.
Cup plant is also notable for its hardiness, drought tolerance, and adaptability to zones 4-8, making it an ideal addition to many gardens.
Day Lily (Hemerocallis)
Daylilies are remarkably resilient and effortless to cultivate, boasting a unique characteristic: each bloom has a fleeting existence, lasting merely one day before withering away. However, the plant’s productivity more than makes up for this brevity, producing an abundance of flowers that provide a feast for hummingbirds and butterflies alike, drawn in by the copious amounts of rich nectar these blooms contain.
As perennials, daylilies burst forth with vibrant colors during late spring and summer, thriving in conditions of full sun and well-drained soil. The variety of hues is equally impressive, ranging from radiant yellows to deep purples, with a few fiery reds thrown into the mix. With a hardiness zone spanning 3-9, daylilies are adaptable to many environments, making them an attractive choice for gardeners seeking low-maintenance yet visually stunning additions to their gardens.
Fuchsia (Fuchsia magellanica)
Fuchsias burst forth with vibrant colors throughout the entire summer season, their ability to flourish in an array of light conditions making them a versatile choice for any garden. They not only thrive in full sun, but also in partial shade or even deep shade, depending on your location. Additionally, fuchsias can be successfully grown in containers and hanging baskets, adding a pop of color to any outdoor space. And, as an added bonus, the plant’s berries are edible and have a peppery flavor.
While they require consistent moisture and well-draining soil to reach their full potential, most fuchsias are grown as annuals. However, for those in zone 6, these plants can be coaxed into behaving like perennials with proper care and attention.
Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis)
Hyssop, a fragrant herb, boasts an appealing appearance with its whorled clusters of purple flowers that are a magnet for hummingbirds. These plants can grow up to 2 feet tall and perform well in either full sun or partial shade. Notably, hyssop is adaptable to a wide range of zones, specifically thriving in zones 3 through 10.
Impatiens (Impatiens walleriana)
While impatiens may not be the most demanding plants in terms of sunlight, they thrive in conditions with full shade. These vibrant annuals require consistent moisture and fertile soil to reach their full potential. One of the benefits of growing impatiens is that you don’t need to spend time deadheading them to encourage a continuous display of blooms, making them a low-maintenance option for gardeners.
Iris (Iridaceae)
Hummingbirds have a sweet spot for iris plants, with hundreds of varieties to choose from. The bearded iris stands out as one of the most popular, boasting a vibrant array of colors that bloom in early summer. While all irises share a few common needs – well-draining soil and plenty of sunlight – they thrive in a range of conditions, tolerating zones 3-10.
Foxglove (Digitalis)
Foxgloves bring a striking vertical element to any garden, offering a vibrant pop of color. While all parts of the plants are toxic to humans, hummingbirds have a special affinity for them, flitting from bloom to bloom. With their delicate petals unfolding in shades of white, lavender, yellow, pink, red, and purple, it’s no wonder foxgloves are a beloved addition to many gardens. When it comes to growing conditions, foxgloves are surprisingly adaptable.
They thrive in full or partial sun, as well as hot climates with full shade. However, they do require one crucial element: well-drained soil. A good soaking is also necessary to keep them happy and healthy. In terms of hardiness, foxgloves prove resilient, tolerating zones 4-10 with ease.
Lupine (Lupinus)
Lupines stand tall, reaching heights of up to four feet with vibrant spikes that burst forth with colorful blooms. In certain regions of the United States, these wildflowers thrive freely, providing a haven for butterflies seeking refuge. The sweet nectar of their blossoms also attracts hummingbirds, adding a touch of whimsy to the landscape. Both annual and perennial varieties of lupines are available, offering gardeners a range of options to suit their style.
When planting lupines, it’s essential to consider their deep taproot, which makes them challenging to relocate once established. As such, it’s best not to disturb them after planting. Instead, choose a location with average soil that’s rich in phosphorus and provides the ideal conditions for these hardy blooms to flourish. With proper care, lupines can thrive in USDA zones 3-7.
Petunia (Petunia)
Petunias, a beloved bedding plant, bring a splash of vibrancy to any garden with their striking, wide-open flowers. These delicate blossoms flourish when basking in full sun, shielded from the wind’s gentle whispers. As heat-tolerant plants, they excel in hot, sunny spots where other blooms might struggle. The beauty of petunias lies not only in their stunning appearance but also in their versatility.
Hanging baskets are an ideal way to showcase petunias’ charm while attracting hummingbirds to your porch or patio. To encourage a continuous display of blooms, regular deadheading is a must. And the good news is that, with the exception of zones 9-10 where they may persist as perennials, petunias are annuals, making them an accessible and delightful addition to any garden.
Phlox (Phlox paniculata)
Phlox plants are renowned for their vibrant blooms, which create a mesmerizing spectacle that draws hummingbirds like magnets. This perennial produces an astonishing array of colors, making it a favorite among garden enthusiasts. Native to the United States, many varieties can be effortlessly cultivated, as they thrive in temperate climates. In terms of size, phlox plants typically reach 6 inches in height and width, producing their stunning flowers from July to September.
Interestingly, they don’t require direct sunlight and instead flourish in zones 4-8, making them an excellent choice for gardeners looking to add a pop of color to their shaded areas.
Red Columbine (Aquilegia canadensis)
Eastern red columbine, also known as wild columbine, is a stunning bedding plant that boasts striking bell-shaped flowers with a deep red hue. As medium-sized plants that grow to approximately 24 inches tall, they bring a pop of color to any garden. One of the standout features of this flower is its tubular blooms, which produce an abundance of nectar that attracts hummingbirds and butterflies alike.
To thrive, Eastern red columbine requires full sun, moist soil with good drainage, and a sandy texture. This hardy plant is adaptable to zones 3-9, making it a great choice for gardeners across a wide range of climates.
Rhododendron (Rhododendron)
Rhododendrons, often compared to azaleas, are stunning and easy-to-care-for plants that draw in hummingbirds with their vibrant blooms. With over 1,000 varieties to choose from, ranging significantly in size and shape, you’re likely to find the perfect one for your garden if you reside in zones 4-8. However, these flowering shrubs do come with some specific requirements. They demand a narrow soil pH range of 4.5-5.5 and prefer well-drained, moist conditions.
Additionally, yearly fertilization is crucial. By following these guidelines, you can expect to enjoy a long-lived rhododendron adorned with beautiful blooms that will continue to attract hummingbirds year after year.
Salvia (Salvia)
When it comes to attracting hummingbirds in arid climates, Salvias are an ideal choice. Their ability to thrive in hot, dry conditions and produce nectar-rich blooms throughout the long summer days makes them a popular favorite among these iridescent visitors.
Salvia’s dainty flowers, which grow on slender spikes that can reach up to 4 feet tall depending on the specific variety, come in a vibrant palette of colors including pink, purple, blue and classic red.
The latter is particularly appealing to many hummingbird species.
To coax the most from these blooms, provide them with full sun and allow them to flower mid-summer through fall, thus extending your summer bloom. With their hardiness in zones 4-11 across the USA, Salvias make a great addition to any garden seeking to attract these tiny birds.
Touch-Me-Not (Impatiens capensis)
Trumpet Creeper (Campsis radicans)
Trumpet creeper, also referred to as trumpet vine, foxglove vine, or hummingbird vine, is a clear indication of its allure to these tiny birds. As one of the most effective flowers for attracting hummingbirds, this plant is a surefire draw. The climbing vine can grow up to 30 feet in length, spreading aggressively across a chosen location – thus, it’s essential to select a spot wisely. Additionally, trumpet creeper requires support from a fence or trellis to thrive.
Its striking orange or reddish flowers are shaped like trumpets, large enough to swallow the hummingbird almost whole. The plant also produces fruit pods that can reach up to 6 inches in length. Trumpet creeper flourishes in full sun and well-drained soils with regular watering. Hardy in zones 4-9, this plant is a great addition to any garden seeking to attract these tiny birds.
Trumpet Honeysuckle (Lonicera sempervirens)
Trumpet Honeysuckle, also known as Coral Honeysuckle or Woodbine, is a twining vine that can grow up to 20 feet in length, its vibrant red blooms drawing attention. A relatively non-aggressive species, it attracts hummingbirds with its sweet nectar. The plant’s flowering period spans from early spring through early summer, and it thrives in conditions ranging from full sun to partial shade.
Its adaptability allows it to grow well in a variety of soils, making it suitable for gardens located within zones 4-9.
Verbena (Verbena officinalis)
Verbena’s impressive flowering habit sees it produce blooms throughout the entire summer season, withstanding the heat of even the most sweltering days. For optimal growth, this lovely plant requires a full sun exposure of at least 8 hours daily, and while it can thrive in poor soil conditions, it is crucial to ensure that the soil drains well to prevent waterlogged soil, which can be detrimental.
Weigela (Weigela)
This beautiful shrub thrives during spring and summer, showcasing vibrant blooms that effortlessly draw in hummingbirds. Its rugged resilience and minimal upkeep make it an excellent choice for any landscape, as it can grow up to 10 feet tall and wide. While full sun encourages optimal flowering, it’s equally adaptable to partial shade. Moreover, its hardiness extends to USDA zones 4-8.
Zinnia (Zinnia)
If you’re looking to entice hummingbirds to your garden, zinnias are an absolute must-have. As a low-maintenance annual, they thrive in a variety of settings, from vibrant flower beds to stylish planters. Their tall, reliable blooms come in an array of colors – including pink, red, orange, white, and the classic yellow – making them a top choice for cut flower arrangements.
Plus, their repeated blooming pattern, which spans from summer through mid-fall, provides a welcome source of sustenance for these feisty birds during their annual migrations.
Selecting Plants
When it comes to attracting birds and providing a nutritious meal, not all plants are created equal. Ornamental flowers like pansies and petunias may add visual appeal to your garden, but they’re not designed to provide sustenance for feathered friends. To offer a truly healthy snack, consider incorporating native plant varieties into your mix. These plants have evolved alongside local bird species, making them a reliable source of food.
For instance, hummingbirds are attracted to nectar-rich flowers that are native to their environment. To discover which native plants thrive in your area, reach out to your local Audubon Society for guidance.
Landscaping Tips for Your Hummingbird Garden
To create a hummingbird-friendly garden, it’s not just about selecting the right plants and planting them. You need to consider several factors to attract these beautiful birds. For instance, you can provide ample nectar by planting three or more species of flowers that bloom at different times of the year. Hummingbirds are particularly drawn to brightly colored blooms with long tubes, so be sure to include those in your garden design.
Additionally, prune your plants to encourage flowering and prevent stem growth, as this will help keep your garden looking its best. It’s also important to provide insect-friendly plants, as hummingbirds supplement their nectar intake with insects. Consider planting nest-building materials like pussy willow, ferns, and dandelions, which can provide a cozy home for these birds.
Don’t forget to include a shallow water dish for drinking and bathing – this is an essential feature of any hummingbird-friendly garden. Finally, consider planting small trees, such as crabapples, redbuds, and Buckeyes, which can serve as nesting sites for these birds. To make your garden truly welcoming to hummingbirds, be sure to grow organically and avoid using insecticides, which can be deadly to these birds.
Hummingbird Feeders
When supplementing your hummingbird’s diet, there may be instances where you lack sufficient blossoms to meet their nutritional needs. In such cases, consider providing a hummingbird feeder as an alternative source of sustenance. Specifically designed for the birds’ consumption, these feeders enable them to drink sugar water solutions. You can opt for pre-packaged hummingbird food or prepare your own concoction.
How to make homemade hummingbird food
Combine one cup of sugar with 4 cups of boiling water in a large bowl, stirring until the sugar dissolves. Allow the solution to cool completely before adding it to your hummingbird feeder. Remember, there’s no need for red food coloring – it’s unnecessary and can be detrimental to the birds’ health.
To maintain a healthy environment for your hummingbirds, clean their feeder every 3 days by rinsing it thoroughly and allowing it to dry before refilling.
This will help eliminate bacteria and deter ants from taking over.
Position your feeder near a window or deck where you can appreciate the beauty of these iridescent birds as they flit about in your hummingbird garden. Be prepared for territorial behavior if multiple birds discover the feeder, and consider installing an additional one to reduce conflicts.
As you relax and enjoy the show, take pride in knowing that your efforts are contributing to the well-being and delight of these stunning creatures.
