As I gazed upon my garden’s springtime splendor a few years ago, I couldn’t help but feel that something was amiss. The vibrant flowers and shrubs were indeed a sight to behold, yet the intervening spaces seemed lacking in character. It was then that I resolved to introduce an evergreen ground cover, which subsequently imbued the entire garden with renewed vitality.
Evergreen ground covers, by their very nature, are low-growing plants that spread across the soil in a tapestry-like pattern, often nestled among taller flora. Their primary function is to provide coverage or visual appeal, and they excel at achieving both goals.
I’m particularly fond of evergreen ground covers because, even when the flowers have withered away, they leave behind a lush blanket of contrasting light and dark green hues.
While some varieties do produce blooms, others remain flowerless; however, all contribute to the garden’s textural diversity.
Beyond their aesthetic allure, evergreen ground covers also boast practical advantages. They’re frequently drought-tolerant and low-maintenance, requiring minimal upkeep to thrive. By suppressing weeds and retaining soil moisture, they help create a healthier environment for other plants to flourish.
Additionally, these versatile plants can be used to stabilize slopes that are challenging to mow or maintain, thereby preventing erosion. Furthermore, some ground covers excel in shady areas where grass or other plants would struggle, allowing them to bring life to spaces that might otherwise seem barren.
Ground Cover Types
There are several distinct categories of groundcovers, which often exhibit diverse growth patterns. Interestingly, some species of plants can display multiple forms of growth, adding to their complexity and adaptability.
Clumpers
As the seasons transition into spring, Clumpers undergo a natural process of expansion. This occurs when they extend their stems above ground, allowing them to grow and multiply. A unique characteristic of Clumpers is that they don’t require division to maintain their spread, as they naturally propagate evenly on their own.
Creepers
Creepers propagate through underground stems that extend above the soil’s surface, allowing them to spread and root into new territory. As they grow, it’s essential to divide them before they escape their designated area. If you’re working with a large open space or a sloping terrain, creepers can be an excellent choice.
17 Varieties of Evergreen Ground Cover
While the array of evergreen ground covers can seem overwhelming, a few species stand out as personal preferences. These stalwarts offer a winning combination of durability, low maintenance, and visually appealing foliage.
Sedum (Sedum)
Sedum is my go-to choice for ground cover plants. This ornamental succulent excels in full sun and demands well-draining soil to thrive. Its deep green leaves are a stunning backdrop for the bright yellow blooms that erupt from time to time. I’ve had success using sedum in level gardens, but its versatility also makes it an excellent choice for terraced gardens where you want it to cascade down a wall.
One of sedum’s most impressive features is its ability to root itself anywhere it comes into contact with the soil, making it a low-maintenance option. What’s more, there’s a sedum variety suitable for nearly every zone, ensuring that this attractive ground cover can be enjoyed by gardeners everywhere.
Globe Ice Plant (Ruschia punctulata)
The globe ice plant’s adaptability to cooler temperatures makes it an ideal choice for regions with milder climates. Its striking purple blooms and deep green foliage are particularly appealing, offering a neat and formal appearance when grown densely. Additionally, this variety is well-suited for areas with low humidity and can thrive in dry conditions.
Hens and Chicks (Sempervivum tectorum)
While some may view Hens and Chicks as an antiquated choice, its charm lies in its ability to thrive in low-maintenance gardens, making it an excellent fit for xeriscaping enthusiasts. This adaptable succulent excels in tight spaces, such as between paving stones or along walkways, adding a touch of whimsy to the garden. As a ground cover, Hens and Chicks creates a visually appealing texture that sets it apart from more traditional options.
Creeping Phlox (Phlox stolonifera)
Phlox is a versatile evergreen ground cover that thrives in full sun and tolerates dry soil to some extent, but truly excels when moisture levels are high. Its hardiness allows it to flourish in zones 3-9, making it an ideal choice for gardeners across a wide geographic range. One of the key benefits of Phlox is its rapid spreading habit, which makes it particularly well-suited for slope stabilization or covering large areas.
As it grows and spreads, you can easily divide and replant any excess growth, allowing you to enjoy its beauty and functionality throughout your garden.
Candytuft (Iberis sempervirens)
When it comes to adapting to different environmental conditions, candytuft is a resilient choice. Its ability to thrive in drought-prone areas is just one of its many impressive attributes. In fact, this versatile plant can grow well in USDA hardiness zones 3-8, making it an excellent option for gardeners across much of North America.
Additionally, depending on the region, candytuft displays varying levels of evergreen or semi-evergreen characteristics, with the southern locations typically showcasing a more persistent foliage year-round, while northern areas may experience some seasonal color fluctuations.
Japanese Spurge (Pachysandra terminalis)
The Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is an attractive, broad-leaved evergreen shrub that thrives in USDA zones 4 to 8. Its unique feature is its ability to form a dense, vibrant mat of shiny green foliage without producing showy flowers.
Creeping Myrtle (Vinca minor)
Characterized by its vibrant glossy green leaves that spread rapidly, this plant is a sight to behold. As spring arrives, it bursts forth with delicate star-shaped flowers in a beautiful shade of violet. One of the most appealing aspects of this plant is its ease of propagation – simply allow the stems to touch the ground and new roots will form.
Additionally, it can thrive in a wide range of soil conditions, from dry to moist, and tolerates full sun to deep shade, making it an adaptable addition to any garden or indoor space.
Creeping Thyme (Thymus serpyllum)
A self-sufficient gem, creeping thyme is a low-growing perennial that requires minimal upkeep to flourish. Its delicate foliage and flowers are not only visually appealing but also edible, much like its other thyme counterparts. This robust variety boasts natural defenses against deer and even attracts pollinators, making it an excellent addition to any garden.
Moreover, its adaptability allows it to thrive in a range of soil types and lighting conditions, eliminating the need for finicky adjustments.
Angelina Stonecrop (Sedum rupestre ‘Angelina’)
This rapid-spreading plant boasts bright yellow foliage that resembles needles. As the seasons transition into winter, its leaves transform into a vibrant orange hue. Notably adaptable to various climates, it thrives in zones 3 through 11, making it an excellent choice for gardeners seeking low-maintenance options. Additionally, this plant is surprisingly resilient to drought conditions, providing it with sufficient protection from extreme temperatures.
Wall Germander (Teucrium chamaedrys)
Wall germander, an adaptable and resilient herb, boasts attractive evergreen foliage that reaches around a foot in height while spreading far beyond. Its remarkable drought tolerance and deer resistance make it an ideal choice for coastal areas or regions prone to dry spells. Notably, this hardy plant can even thrive in soils with a touch of salt, rendering it perfect for those living near the ocean.
Suitable for zones 5-9, wall germander excels in full to partial sunlight and can flourish in a range of soil types.
Blue Star Juniper (Juniperus squamata)
The Star Needle Bush, aptly named for its distinctive star-shaped clusters of needles, belongs to the cypress family. Reaching approximately one foot in height and three feet in width, this low-maintenance plant thrives in conditions that include full sun, sandy soil, and a climate suitable for zones 4-8.
Lenten Rose (Helleborus x hybridus)
Lenten rose, a member of the buttercup family, may not be a rose at all, but its unique beauty is undeniable. This perennial blooms for approximately eight to ten weeks during early spring, around the time of Lent, from which it derives its name. In terms of growing conditions, Lenten rose thrives in part to full shade and rich, moist soil. Its hardiness spans zones 4-9, making it an attractive option for gardeners seeking a low-maintenance yet striking addition to their outdoor spaces.
Mazus (Mazus reptans)
Mazus is an ideal choice for gardeners seeking a rapid-growing, non-invasive plant that can quickly fill a designated area. Its versatility makes it suitable for rock gardens or interstitial spaces between pavers. This hardy species thrives in partial shade and well-draining loamy soil conditions. Notably, Mazus is adaptable to USDA zones 5-8, making it a feasible option for gardeners in these regions.
Spotted Dead Nettle (Lamium maculatum)
Adding vibrancy to even the most shaded areas, these plants are perfect for creating year-round interest in your garden. With heights ranging from 3-12 inches and spreads reaching up to 3 feet wide, they’re an excellent choice for adding depth and texture to your outdoor space. The unique variegated foliage offers a range of colors, ensuring that even the most mundane corners will be transformed into a kaleidoscope of hues.
Best suited for zones 4-8, these shade-loving plants thrive in conditions where other plants may struggle.
Euonymus (Euonymus)
With its vibrant fall foliage, this low-maintenance evergreen is an excellent choice for adding seasonal color to your outdoor space. One of the unique aspects of this plant is its wide range of colors, sizes, and growth habits, making it essential to confirm that you’re selecting a ground cover and not a shrub when planting. Its adaptability allows it to thrive in various light conditions, from full sun to heavy shade, while also tolerating any well-draining soil type.
English Ivy (Hedera helix)
Ivy’s versatility is a major draw, but its rapid spread can be a concern. If you’re considering bringing this evergreen into your yard, make sure you’re prepared to keep it in check. With the potential to become invasive in certain areas, it’s essential to weigh the pros and cons before planting. That being said, ivy is incredibly resilient, thriving in part- to full-shade conditions with fertile, moist soil.
While it can also tolerate full sun and dry, depleted soil, its hardiness knows no bounds – capable of growing in zones 4 through 9.
Bugleweed (Ajuga)
Bugleweed, also referred to as ajuga, exhibits a unique growth habit by spreading low to the ground in a compact manner. However, its tendency to spread can be detrimental if not controlled, making it essential to exercise caution when planting. Bugleweed thrives in environments with full to partial shade and moist soil that drains well. Notably, it is adaptable to a wide range of climates, tolerating conditions in USDA zones 3-10.
Growing Evergreen Ground Cover
To successfully install your chosen ground cover, start by preparing the soil and area where it will grow. This involves clearing the space of any debris or weeds, then loosening the top 8-10 inches of soil to create a well-draining and aerated environment. Next, lay down a layer of compost or fertilizer to provide essential nutrients for your new ground cover.
Preparing the Ground
Before introducing your chosen ground cover, it’s essential to prepare the soil by removing any unwanted vegetation or competition. This involves ridding the area of weeds and other growth that could hinder the establishment of your desired plant. Next, apply a 6-inch layer of well-rotted organic matter, such as compost or manure, and thoroughly incorporate it into the soil to provide a nutrient-rich foundation for your new ground cover to thrive.
How Many Plants do You Need?
Before you make a purchase, take the time to calculate the number of plants required for your desired coverage. Start by measuring the area where you plan to place the plants and refer to the mature size specifications of the specific species you’ve chosen. Use this information to determine how many full-grown plants will be needed to achieve the desired density.
Spacing
When it comes to covering a large area with space plants, the key is to understand how they grow and spread. Creepers, for instance, can be spaced closely together or farther apart, as they will eventually spread out and fill in any gaps. The choice ultimately depends on whether you’re willing to wait for a few seasons or if you want to achieve coverage quickly. On the other hand, clumpers require more planning ahead of time.
Before planting these types of space plants, it’s essential to consider their mature size. For example, if a plant reaches 15 inches in height when fully grown, it’s best to space them out by 12 to 15 inches from each other when planting the center of each clump. This allows for proper growth and minimizes overcrowding.
Caring for Ground Cover
When you’ve finally planted your ground cover, it’s essential to maintain a weed-free environment to ensure its optimal growth. This is particularly crucial when working with tight-clumping varieties, where weeds can become entrenched and nearly impossible to eradicate completely. To prevent this, be diligent in your efforts to suppress weeds through the addition of well-rotted organic matter and a layer of mulch.
As your ground cover establishes itself over the first few months, provide regular feedings using liquid fertilizer, carefully removing any emerging weeds as they appear.
A Few More Tips
When considering a rapid-growing ground cover, don’t assume it’s a good fit without doing your due diligence first. These types of plants can be aggressive growers that quickly get out of control and become more of an overgrown nuisance than the beautiful solution you were hoping for. Instead, think about ground covers as more than just a filler – they can be the highlight of your garden design.
If you plan to use evergreen ground cover in a high-traffic area, make sure to select a hardy variety that can withstand the wear and tear. Soil preferences and sun requirements are crucial considerations for evergreen ground covers, just like any other plant, so choose wisely based on your garden’s specific conditions. Evergreen ground covers have the power to transform your garden landscape for the better, providing color even during the dormant season.
They also offer erosion control and can fill in shady areas that might otherwise be lacking. Share with us what type of evergreen ground cover is your favorite and why.
